Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies

From its beginning Lord of the Flies establishes itself as a story packed with allegorical meaning. The novel is a meditation on the nature of human political society, dealing with such concerns as the development of political systems and the clash in human nature between instinctual and learned behavior. In this manner, Golding establishes the deserted island as a clash between two different conceptions of pre-civilized humanity. In some respects, the island presents a Hobbesian situation in which the young schoolboys are thrown into a literal state of nature. At the beginning of the novel they have no society, no rules, and no concerns beyond personal survival. The narrative thrust of the novel is how the boys develop their own miniature society and the difficulties that inevitably arise. Golding establishes immediately the contrast between the savage and the civilized that exists in this new environment for the boys. Freed from adult authority and the mores of society, Ralph plays in the beach naked, a practice commonly associated with uncivilized cultures. Yet if this is an uncivilized practice, it is also a reference to the second conception of pre-civilized life, that of an Eden; Ralph does not panic over the children's abandonment on the island, but rather approaches it as a paradise in which he can play happily. This raises the important question about what influence will cause his Eden to collapse. The first sign of disturbance within the seemingly tranquil island is the appearance of Jack and his choir. Golding portrays Jack and his compatriots as militaristic and aggressive, with Jack's bold manner and the choir marching in step with one another. They are the first concrete entrance of civilization onto the island and a decidedly negative one. Jack seems a physical manifestation of evil: with his dark cloak and wild red hair, he gives a slightly Satanic impression. Jack is a decided military authoritarian. He orders his c... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies The most obvious of the themes is man's need for civilization. Contrary to the belief that man is innocent and society evil, the story shows that laws and rules, policemen and schools are necessary to keep the darker side of human nature in line. When these institutions and concepts slip away or are ignored, human beings revert to a more primitive part of their nature. The existence of civilization allows man to remain innocent or ignorant about his true nature. Although man needs civilization, it is important that he also be aware of his more primitive instincts. Only in this way can he reach true maturity. Golding implies that the loss of innocence has little to do with age but is related to a person's understanding of human nature. It can happen at any age or not at all. Painful though it may be, this loss of innocence by coming to terms with reality is necessary if humanity is to survive. One of the most basic and obvious themes is that society holds everyone together, and without these conditions, our ideals, values, and the basics of r ight and wrong are lost. Without society's rigid rules, anarchy and savagery can come to light. The novel is a meditation on the nature of human political society, dealing with such concerns as the development of political systems and the clash in human nature between instinctual and learned behavior. In this manner, Golding establishes the deserted island as a clash between two different conceptions of pre-civilized humanity. At the beginning of the novel they have no society, no rules, and no concerns beyond personal survival. The narrative thrust of the novel is how the boys develop their own miniature society and the difficulties that inevitably arise. Golding establishes immediately the contrast between the savage and the civilized that exists in this new environment for the boys. Freed from adult authority and the mores of society, Ralph plays in the beach naked, a practice ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Creating a Community from Eden The Human nature and Sovereignty in the Lord of the flies Lord of the Flies is a very famous novel; most of critics discuss its human nature and compare it with Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels, Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe or Shakespeare’s The Tempest. However, there are few of them comparing it with Thomas Hobbes’s theory. Therefore, in this paper, I want to use Thomas Hobbes’s idea of human nature and sovereignty to analyze the novel and Golding’s idea. Thomas Hobbes is the English political philosopher, in his famous work Leviathan; we can easily find his pessimistic thinking about human nature. For Hobbes, men only care about themselves without regarding others. They lust for money and pleasure; sometimes even lacking of food can cause a human war. Hobbes’s concept can coincidentally response to Golding’s idea and his novel, both of them emphasize the dark side of human nature. For example, in the novel, Golding arranges English schoolboys to fall into an island of nature; he uses thi s unmanned island to show what cultivated humans will do in their nature. Where is his pessimistic idea in the novel, is that, he does not arrange those schoolboys still live in a cultivated and mannered life on the island, he rather makes them live like barbarians and completely shows their natural evil. His pessimism is just as Hobbes who thinks men are born in evil and lust. Hobbes’s idea is influenced by the time his was born. He was born in an age of war that makes him to become a pessimistic philosopher. In his biography, he says, his mother â€Å"brought forth twins- myself and fear .† He considers that the fear of death and the need for security are the universal law; people seek for peace and constitute social rule only because they want to be safe and preserve their lives. His pessimistic idea builds up his theory toward the sovereignty and human nature in the future. Besides, the time when he was b... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord of the Flies ByWilliam Golding Characters Ralph Jack Simon Piggy Roger When I read this book I discovered a great change in most of their personalities, especially Jack's. So I would say that they are all dynamic characters. Ralph, in the beginning of the novel, had a boyish personality. Then later on in the novel, he became much more mature due to the fact that all of them had to live in a more civilized manner to get a long and to survive while waiting to be rescued. Jack, in the beginning of the novel was Ralph's most powerful antagonist. Then later on turned against Ralph and becomes leader. Simon is a unique character in the novel. He remains largely uninvolved with any of the power struggles between Ralph and Jack. He was killed. Roger is very mean. He killed Piggy by pushing a big bolder on top of him. Piggy was the intellectual in the group. He complained a lot in the beginning, but later on became more mature. But, unfortunately, he was killed by Roger. The novel begins about a group of English people who are marooned on a tropical island wh en the plane evacuating them from atomic war-torn England crashes. So now this group of boys are alone on this island. Then Ralph called an assembly to talk to the other guys about making a plan to get along and survive. The struggle starts in trying to make rules for the group to live by. There were many more conflicts through out the novel. But the main conflict is the boys trying to get along with each other and survive while waiting to be rescued from a deserted island. There are also some major conflicts between Ralph and Jack over trying to be the leader of the group. I enjoyed this book because it showed me what can happen when people are put in a desperate situation where there are no rules or social structure and how different personalities react to this lack of order. It also showed me how much one person can make a difference.... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies In the movie Lord of the Flies I feel it shows that the ego is very fragile. A person’s ego can be forced into a bad or good human being. Many people would say human beings choose how they want to be. I feel there is a lot of temptation in the world to force a person in a certain direction, but we are naturally born how we are. I also think we are born with evil it just depends whether or not we let it show. Every human being has some sense of evil in their body, but it depends on how a person is brought up and their surroundings. A person can be brought up in a loving environment and not show any sense of evil in their life. Where on the other hand a person can be brought up in a loving home and show evil in their life. A big factor of this picture depends on your social surroundings and how much people push you to be what they want you to become. A human being is put on this earth for a certain reason and a lot of people can learn from their mistakes they make in their lives. Then, there are some people on this earth who hate everything that have to do with them and they can become psychotic. These are the people who could not overlook the evil within them and eventually let it take over him/herself. Everyone shows some sort of evil in their life, but there is a point where you can go too far. Take the movie as an example; there is a plane crash, the kids take matters into their own hands to survive and eventually chaos occurs. The children all had some sort of evil inside of them, but there was just that one boy, Jake, who brought out the evil in him first and then the others. Jake was not looked up to as the leader; Ralph was the leader. Jake was the hunter and killed for food, already his evil is beginning to show when he starts a hunting tribe. You can tell his ego is hurt since he was not picked as the leader and wants to be in charge of the boys and have everyone look up to him. Piggy a character that co... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies â€Å"Lord of the Flies† This novel starts out with a plane crash carrying boys from a boarding school who were returning home during a war. The plane crashed on an island. Two of the characters in the novel, named Ralph and Piggy, are introduced as they meet in the lagoon on the island. Piggy finds a conch shell while he was walking on the beach and shows Ralph how to make a noise with it. Ralph uses the conch to seek other possible survivors from the plane crash- as he blew on the conch other boys came to him. Ralph decided to have a meeting to set down rules that they would live by, during their stay on the island. They decided to vote and Ralph was declared the ruler over them and Jack, who came with the other boys, was voted chief of the hunting group for provision of food. This reflected their priorities, Jack hunting, while Ralph tried to maintain some resemblance of civilization on the island. Their society reflects ours by showing different types of power that is used today. Democratic power is shown when choices and decisions are shared among the boys on the island. For instance, the conch represented power to whoever held it. Ralph portrays the role of government in any modern society. While he wants to satisfy the wishes of the public, he must also realize that certain rules of behavior must be followed in order to prevent chaos. Unfortunately chaos defeats order. The barbaric quality that arises in Jack throughout the novel is really a rebellion against society and what it stands for. He grew tired of taking orders from Ralph and of his participation in the democratic system that they made. Elements of civilization disappear on the island, due to the boys reverting to a more primitive part of their nature, by turning into savages and chaos replaces democracy. I believe the author is showing us the need for government to exist in society due to chaos that could come about without rules and regulations. ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies In the novel Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, Jack and Ralph as leaders differ from general to the very specific areas. The uninhabited jungle island that the boys crash – land on forms them into very inhumane creatures. While the young boys struggle for guidance and the need to be civilized, two boys assume leadership roles. Jack develops into a very impulsive, hot – tempered little savage. Ralph, on the other hand, never fully diverges from his civilized persona and becomes a reliable, hard – working, and steadfast leader of the boys. The leadership roles of Jack and Ralph clash on the subject of impulsiveness. Ralph uses a calm and cool demeanor while assessing the current situation on the island and giving a course of action. Jack goes on hunts and plays in the lagoon while more important work needs to be done. Ralph thinks of being rescued off the island and going home above everything else and thinks of the â€Å"big picture† first. To him playing and going off on hunts for long periods of time are useless and do not help in getting off the island. Conversely, while Jack does agree that maintaining a fire will aid their cause in being rescued, he contradicts this point of view by setting off in the jungle to hunt and the idea of killing a pig consumes him. â€Å"Rescue? Yes, of course! All the same I’d like to catch a pig first.†( ) This becomes the start of Jack’s formation into hunter and savage. The roles of Jack and Ralph as leaders also conflict as Jack becomes more savage and Ralph tries to stay in touch with civilization. Ralph always tries to keep ties with civilization through the use of the conch to call assemblies or by keeping on task and yelling at the other boys when they are playing and not doing their tasks. When Ralph tells Jack that a ship has passed and that they could have been rescued, Jack replies â€Å"You should have seen the blood.†( ) Jack has now become savage enough t... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies A running theme in Lord of the Flies is that man is savage at heart, always ultimately reverting back to an evil and primitive nature. The cycle of man's rise to power, or righteousness, and his inevitable fall from grace is an important point that book proves again and again, often comparing man with characters from the Bible to give a more vivid picture of his descent. Lord Of The Flies symbolizes this fall in different manners, ranging from the illustration of the mentality of actual primitive man to the reflections of a corrupt seaman in purgatory. The novel is the story of a group of boys of different backgrounds who are marooned on an unknown island when their plane crashes. As the boys try to organize and formulate a plan to get rescued, they begin to separate and as a result of the dissension a band of savage tribal hunters is formed. Eventually the "stranded boys in Lord of the Flies almost entirely shake off civilized behavior: (Riley 1: 119). When the confusion finally leads to a manhunt [for Ralph], the reader realizes that despite the strong sense of British character and civility that has been instilled in the youth throughout their lives, the boys have backpedaled and shown the underlying savage side existent in all humans. "Golding senses that institutions and order imposed from without are temporary, but man's irrationality and urge for destruction are enduring" (Riley 1: 119). The novel shows the reader how easy it is to revert back to the evil nature inherent in man. If a group of well-conditioned school boy s can ultimately wind up committing various extreme travesties, one can imagine what adults, leaders of society, are capable of doing under the pressures of trying to maintain world relations. In the novel, Simon is a peaceful lad who tries to show the boys that there is no monster on the island except the fears that the boys have. "Simon tries to state the truth: there is a beast, but 'it's only ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord of the Flies A novel by William Golding Written in 1954 Characters: Ralph- protagonist Jack- antagonist Setting: WWII on a deserted tropical island In the midst of a raging war, a plane evacuating a group of English boys from Britain is shot down over a deserted tropical island. Marooned, the boys set about electing a leader and finding a way to be rescued. They choose Ralph as their leader; Ralph appoints Jack as the leader of the hunters. Ralph, Jack, and Simon set off on an expedition to explore the island. When they return, Ralph declares that they must light a signal fire that passing ships might see. The boys begin to do so, using Piggy's glasses lens as a means of igniting dead wood. But they are more interested in playing than in paying close attention to their duties, and the fire quickly ignites the forest. A large swath of dead wood burns out of control. One of the youngest boys disappears, presumably having burned to death. At first, the boys enjoy their life without grownups. The hunters have trouble catching a pig, but Jack becomes increasingly preoccupied with the act of hunting. One day a ship passes by on the horizon, and Ralph and Piggy notice to their horror that the signal fire has burned out; it was the hunters' responsibility to maintain. Furious, Ralph accosts Jack, but the hunter has just returned with his first kill, and all the boys seem gripped with a strange frenzy, dancing about and reenacting the chase in a kind of wild dance. When Piggy criticizes him, Jack hits him across the face. Ralph blows the conch shell used to summon the boys, and gives the group a furious speech in an attempt to restore order. But beyond the more immediate problems of the signal fire and the difficulties of hunting creeps a larger, more insidious problem: a growing fear among the boys. The littlest boys (known as "littluns") have been troubled by nightmares from the beginning, and more and more boys are coming to... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Man’s life on earth is a constant struggle between good and evil. Humans choice or becoming pressured into facing this choice of taking sides. With these situations in life happening William Golding created Lord of the Flies .From images and instances of peace through images and instances of evil and finally through the representation of interaction of both , Golding’s Lord of the Flies presents a believable struggle that has characterized being human. Golding captures the essence of peace with images and instances of peace/ Throughout the novel , we are shown numerouse symbolical situtations . Golding uses anything from â€Å"butterflies† to â€Å"sunlight†, which represents holy perfection to holiness , happiness , welcoming . With this symbolism Golding perfects Simon. Simon who is a mirror reflection of Jesus, brought peace to the island . Since none of the characters , besides Ralph realize how important Simon is, Simon is recognized more by the readers. At the beginning of the novel , Simon , is seen as â€Å"as skinny , vivid , little boy with a glance coming from under a hut of straight hair that hung down , black and coarse .† (20). At this poin , Simon, is not recognized as a holly symbol. However, later on the novel Simon reveals his peaceful, wise and somewhat understanding side. A very good example of how peaceful and wise Simon is , is â€Å"you’ll get back all right. I think so anyways .† (122). With Simon saying these words to Ralph, he hints to the readers his wise and peaceful side as well as his â€Å"power† to forcome even the future, which makes him seem even more Christ-LIKE. However as we are reading about all this peacefulness, we are slowly creeped into evilness. Golding also used instances and images to project evil into the novel. In these cases, for evil, Golding uses Beesabub, the lord of the flies, as well as Jack as a representation of evil. However with Jack it’s more towards savagery and... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord of the Flies â€Å"The existence of civilization allows man to remain innocent or ignorant about his true nature. Although man needs civilization, it is important that he also be aware of his more primitive instincts. Only in this way can he reach true maturity. Golding implies that the loss of innocence has little to do with age but is related to a person’s understanding of human nature. It can happen at any age or not at all. Painful though it may be, this loss of innocence by coming to terms with reality is necessary if humanity is to survive.†(www.lordoftheflies.com) This quote explains Ralph in a great way. At first in the novel Ralph is overjoyed to be on a tropical island free from adult restraints. By nature, he is an innocent, mild-tempered boy who accepts leadership when it is thrust on him. He serves as a democratic leader who tries to keep the boys together and uses a conch shell to show his authority. He builds shelters to protect them and a signal fire so they can be rescued. At first, he befriends Piggy who gets taunted and teased from the other boys. Later on he learns to rely on Piggy’s reasoning. Ralph has the courage when the occasion demands it, but he really longs for the secure world of adults, especially when order starts breaking down on the island. He dreams about a rescue and insists the fire signal burns at all times so that they can be seen. Ralph knows that the main reason for the disorder on the island is because of jack, who is the representation of evil in the novel. There is a constant conflict between the two boys. Ralph stands for civilized ideas, where as jack the anarchist leads a tribe of savages and often lapses into primitive rituals. In the midst of the savagery, Ralph holds on to the rationality and hopes that he gets rescued soon. There is only one occasion when Ralph lapses into mild savagery. It occurs when he joins the rest of the savages in the ritual dance at the pi... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Civil War The development of characters in a novel can lead to insight of the novel’s overall theme. William Golding uses Ralph and Jack to further explain the lessons and morals in the story. The rivalry that is created between Jack and Ralph portrays not only the difference in personalities but also the difference in the two societies on the island. Throughout the novel the Lord of the Flies it is apparent Ralph and Jack share similar qualities. However, the way Jack’s works concerns only himself and the way Ralph’s work benefits the group as a whole creates a struggle for power. In the beginning of the novel both Jack and Ralph agree on some issues, such as implementing rules. â€Å"I agree with Ralph. We got to have rules and obey them.† (Jack Chapter 1) After hearing this quote one would think that Jack is helpful to the group, but as the story continues Jack’s true qualities begin to stand out. Jack takes the role of tending to the fire, but Jack’s newfound interest in hunting leads him to forget about the rescue. â€Å"Jack had to think for a moment before he could remember what rescue was. ‘Rescue? Yes, of course! All the same, I’d like to catch a pig first.’† (Jack Chapter 4) As the story evolves Jack starts to distance himself from Ralph, and two groups with different opinions form. When Jack forgets about his fire tending duty a ship passes the island. Ralph confronts Jack on the passing ship issue and all Jack could say was, â€Å"You should have seen the blood!† (Jack Chapter 4) Jack’s savage qualities start to emerge which distances him from Ralph. At this point the parentless society is in its deteriorating stage. The gap between the two individuals is created, but Ralph stays constant to his goal of being rescued. Both boys are tempted by the beast, but Jack resists and tries to keep the society civilized. When Ralph begins to hunt with Jack, he was very excited. â€Å"Ralph was ful... Free Essays on Lord of the Flies Think to yourself how it would fell if your childhood were to be totally changed by a tragic incident. In which you got trapped on an island away from any civilization. In â€Å"Lord of the flies† William Golding shows just how terrifying and symbolic that this can be. There are many different objects in the book that one can easily make out to signify things in society. Among the symbols were the conch shell, their personality traits, and their clothing The Conch is a symbol of the high hand of authority on the island. It was use to call meetings, it is a magical object to the boys. For the most part the boys respect the Conch. Piggy who had the idea to â€Å"use this to call the others† first saw it. Which did work â€Å"After Ralph blew the shell a third time a child appear†. The conch was very powerful it shows when Ralph â€Å"†¦ lifted the conch.† and said, â€Å"Seems to me we ought to have a chief to diced things†. The conch actually wins Ralph the position as chief. He got pick because â€Å"†¦ his size, and attractive appearance; and most obscurely, yet most powerful there was the conch†. In the end, when it is destroyed, authority on the island is gone and Ralph is left to fend for himself. Ralph represents law, order, organized society, and moral honesty. Ralph is the chief of the group who made many rules for the boys to follow. He came up with a rule so that every one would not talk at the same time. â€Å" I’ll give the Conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he’s speaking.† At the end of the novel he too realizes that man is not a kind creature by nature. â€Å"†¦ Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of man’s heart and the fall through the air of true, wise friend called Piggy.† Jack and his choir represent chaos on the island. He is the person responsible for of all three deaths that occur on the island and wishes to spend his time hunting instead of helping Ralph with rescue. When he ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies The Lord of the flies Essay The Lord of the Flies is a story that takes a group of boys out of a civilized society and puts them on an island. In this novel, William Golding explains that when we drift away from civilization, we tend to go back to our savage roots. The characters Ralph and Jack struggle amongst themselves to be the leader, Ralph, Piggy and Simon represent good while Jack represents evil, and all the hunters act like savages. In William Golding’s The Lord of the Flies, the struggle for leadership, good versus evil and the loss of innocence are the key themes that describe what happens when we lose our senses of civilization. This novel illustrates the struggle for leadership through Darwin’s survival of the fittest theory. Survival of the fittest means that the individuals who are able to adapt best to existing conditions are the ones who will survive, while the others perish. Ralph is unable to adapt to the conditions of the island and constantly thinks of ways of being rescued, while Jack adjusts well to the conditions on the island. Through Ralph we see the difficulty of setting up a colony in a place where there is nothing, and the difficulty to keep the group under his leadership. â€Å"The thing is: we need an assembly. No one said anything but the faces turned to Ralph were intent.† (Golding 84) In the beginning, they had no idea about where to even begin in order to survive. Ralph was the oldest and so he knew that it was up to him to take a stand. He ordered the boys to make huts for shelter and thought of ways for them to be rescued. While Ralph waited to be rescued, a new leader, Jack, gained power. â€Å"I’m not going to be part of Ralph’s lot. I’m going off by myself. He can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too.† (Golding 140) As the boys lost their civilization, Ralph’s position declined while Jack rose. Jack believed that the group should have fun and feast w... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies From its beginning Lord of the Flies establishes itself as a story packed with allegorical meaning. The novel is a meditation on the nature of human political society, dealing with such concerns as the development of political systems and the clash in human nature between instinctual and learned behavior. In this manner, Golding establishes the deserted island as a clash between two different conceptions of pre-civilized humanity. In some respects, the island presents a Hobbesian situation in which the young schoolboys are thrown into a literal state of nature. At the beginning of the novel they have no society, no rules, and no concerns beyond personal survival. The narrative thrust of the novel is how the boys develop their own miniature society and the difficulties that inevitably arise. Golding establishes immediately the contrast between the savage and the civilized that exists in this new environment for the boys. Freed from adult authority and the mores of society, Ralph plays in the beach naked, a practice commonly associated with uncivilized cultures. Yet if this is an uncivilized practice, it is also a reference to the second conception of pre-civilized life, that of an Eden; Ralph does not panic over the children's abandonment on the island, but rather approaches it as a paradise in which he can play happily. This raises the important question about what influence will cause his Eden to collapse. The first sign of disturbance within the seemingly tranquil island is the appearance of Jack and his choir. Golding portrays Jack and his compatriots as militaristic and aggressive, with Jack's bold manner and the choir marching in step with one another. They are the first concrete entrance of civilization onto the island and a decidedly negative one. Jack seems a physical manifestation of evil: with his dark cloak and wild red hair, he gives a slightly Satanic impression. Jack is a decided military authoritarian. He orders his c... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord of the Flies Four elements of symbolism in Lord of the Flies by William Golding are the conch which represents authority and order, Piggy’s glasses which represents knowledge and insight, the use of war paint which reveals true inner being and the hunt our war like nature. These elements are symbolic to the story like the novel is symbolic to our world. Golding shows us in this novel that the boys need law and order to survive. With out law and order in our society as in their tribes we would be savages. Golding uses the conch through out the story as power of the beholder. The person holding the conch had the power, and it created order and rules since when it was used, everyone had to listen. â€Å" I’ll give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he’s speaking.†(P.33, p.15) â€Å"We’ll have rules! He cried excitedly. â€Å" Lots of rules!†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p.33, p.20) Piggy’s glasses were used at the beginning of the story to start the signal fire. â€Å" His specs- use them as burning glasses!†(P.40, p.16) While Piggy had them he was able to give advice to the group. However, after the glasses are broken, the group loses what insight they had because piggy was not able to see, therefore he was not able go give his knowledge and insights. The war paint was a rejection of society. In a way, when they put on the mask of war paint, they took off the mask of society. And revealed their true inner selves which was savage. â€Å" The chief was sitting there, naked to the wrist, his face blocked out in white and red.†(P.160, p.1) By hiding their face they were able to act like the true beast inside them. The hunting by the boys was symbolic to the true nature of mankind and society in general. â€Å" Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!†(P.152, p.1) All represent the lust for violence and power. As society, this fear drives human kind to conquer by war. Human nature has b... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies â€Å"There’s no one here. There are no houses, no cars, no people, no boats, no nothing. Were on an uninhibited island.† This is a quote from a boy named Ralph, and this is where William Golding places a group of British boys in the magnificently written novel Lord of The Flies. This book takes every reader to the deep mind of a child’s primitive thoughts, and explores every aspect of the possibilities that may occur when you put preteen and young children in an island that is isolated from the rest of the world. Frequent changes in the scenario keep you wondering what will happen next, and chapter titles foreshadow the events of the pages to come. Symbolism, outsiders, and the rise and fall of society are the three main points in the book that eventually set up an amazing roller coaster beginning, climax, and ending. A conch; a whitish cream covered shell is the stronghold to a society that is continually deteriorating throughout the novel. This shell, in the mind of the inhabitants of the island, is used to call meetings; and all attention must be delivered to whomever is in control of the conch. Initially this rule is followed and respected by each and every person. As the novel goes on though the honor and value that was once given to the conch is slowly but surely gone and the shell is eventually destroyed. When the sea crustation is shattered, the main symbol of peace and order of the island goes with it, leaving the reader with a certain amount of anger and confusion that is left until the final pages of the book. William Golding created a number of characters in this novel with their own type of physical, emotional, and spiritual traits. Having different types of traits may also present problem’s when a certain association of children are interested in the well being of their current state instead of their preparation and best needs for ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies In viewing the various aspects of the island society in Golding's Lord of the Flies as a symbolic microcosm of society, a converse perspective must also be considered. Golding's island of marooned youngsters then becomes a macrocosm, wherein the island represents the individual human and the various characters and symbols the elements of the human psyche. As such, Golding's world of children's morals and actions then becomes a survey of the human condition, both individually and collectively. Almost textbook in their portrayal, the primary characters of Jack, Ralph and Piggy are then best interpreted as Freud's very concepts of id, ego and superego, respectively. As the id of the island, Jack's actions are the most blatantly driven by animalistically rapacious gratification needs. In discovering the thrill of the hunt, his pleasure drive is emphasized, purported by Freud to be the basic human need to be gratified. In much the same way, Golding's portrayal of a hunt as a rape, with the boys ravenously jumping atop the pig and brutalizing it, alludes to Freud's basis of the pleasure drive in the libido, the term serving a double Lntendre in its psychodynamic and physically sensual sense. Jack's unwillingness to acknowledge the conch as the source of centrality on the island and Ralph as the seat of power is consistent with the portrayal of his particular self-importance. Freud also linked the id to what he called the destructive drive, the aggressiveness of self-ruin. Jack's antithetical lack of compassion for nature, for others, and ultimately for himself is thoroughly evidenced in his needless hunting, his role in the brutal murders of Simon and Piggy, and finally in his burning of the entire island, even at the cost of his own life. In much the same way, Piggy's demeanor and very character links him to the superego, the conscience factor in Freud's model of the psyche. Golding marks Piggy with the distinction of being more intelle... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Arguably man’s greatest invention in the history of humanity is language. Language allows an easy and comprehensible means of communication with other individuals, however, it does not always make the intended expressed meaning clear. The Bible is one example of this problem. The Bible relays its messages of Christ’s life though various parables and symbolic stories which many people take literally. Perhaps the most commonly disputed passage is the creation of the universe (Genesis 1:1-31). How could God have created the entire universe in just seven days? Many fundamentalists take this story at face value and do not consider one of many language tools which is used commonly throughout the Bible, symbolism. Symbolism is the practice of representing things by means of symbols or by attributing symbolic meanings or significance to objects or events. This means that the duration of ‘seven days’ could be a symbol of seven years or seven millenniums. The author s of the Bible are not the only writers to have used the powerful tool of symbolism and parables; many modern writers use it today to portray their outlook of events in an indirect manner. William Golding is one such writer and his fictional book Lord Of The Flies portrays a group of young English boys trapped on a remote island during a nuclear war. They are faced with many challenges in their fight for survival, specifically the downfalls of human nature. Their situation is symbolic of the evolution of a modern civilization and Lord Of The Flies portrays the collapse of this symbolic society through political, psychological, and religious symbolism. No society can function properly without a set of rules and regulations. In today’s modern society there are many symbols of this power and organization. In the courtroom, for example, the gavel is the sign of order and command, and a police officer, a symbol of authority. In Lord Of The Flies, the conch is the sign of this ... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord Of The Flies: Society William Golding’s Lord of the Flies displays in a general and broad way human attitudes and behaviors. The novel is constantly examining the human mind and the constant shift of instincts between rational and animal. The major conflict in Golding’s novel is the clash between two competing impulses that exist within all human beings: the instinct to live by rules, act peacefully, follow moral commands, and value the good of the group on the one hand; and the instinct to gratify one’s immediate desires, act violently to obtain supremacy over others, and enforce one’s will on the other. These two instincts may be called â€Å"the instinct of civilization† and â€Å"the instinct of savagery,† as one is devoted to values that promote ordered society and the other is devoted to values that threaten ordered society. The conflict might also be expressed as order vs. chaos, reason vs. impulse, law vs. anarchy, or in any number of other ways, including the more generalized good vs. evil. Throughout the novel, the instinct of civilization is associated with goodness, while the instinct of savagery is associated with evil. The conflict between the two instincts is the driving force of the novel, explored through the dissolution of the young English boys’ civilized, moral, disciplined behavior as they accustom themselves to a wild, brutal, barbaric life as savages in the jungle. Lord of the Flies is an allegorical novel, which means that its main ideas and themes are frequently represented by symbols. Appropriately, the conflict between civilization and savagery is represented most directly by the novel’s two main characters: Ralph, the protagonist, represents order and leadership, while Jack, the antagonist, represents savagery and the desire for power. In the novel’s presentation of human psychology, different people experience the instincts of civilization and savagery to different degrees. Piggy,... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Lord of the Flies Lord of the Flies, the consummate novel by William Golding, is rife with powerful thematic elements and striking symbolism. However, throughout the lush expanse of the book, several important themes stand out above the rest. Perhaps chief among these themes is the story’s take on civilization. Like authors writing in a similar vein, such as Cooper and Conrad, Golding challenges his characters to survive without tangible connections to the civilization they know. Unlike these authors, though, Golding takes a somewhat darker view of civilization and human nature. As the plot of Lord of the Flies progresses, the various characters slowly lose contact with their civilized nature. This decay of civilization is continually symbolized by the decay or destruction of other aspects of the novel. Golding seems to believe that if left to his own devices, man cannot maintain civilization alone. As Lord of the Flies opens, Golding places his young characters in a terrible situation, far from the comforts and controls of civilization. Having been evacuated from a war zone, their plane has crashed on an unknown and uninhabited island. Despite the obviously frightening elements of this situation, the boys are, at first, eerily unconcerned and relatively sure of the fact that they will be rescued. They have been conditioned all their lives to rely on adults for protection and now believe that their parents will eventually come to rescue, especially Ralph who expresses confidence that his father, â€Å"†¦when he gets leave†¦ will come and rescue us.† (Golding, Page 12). When Ralph and Piggy call the boys together for the first time, they all agree that, as a civilized people, they ought to have some sort of leader. However, lacking experience in governmental process, they choose Ralph for chieftain simply because of â€Å"†¦his size, and attractive appearance†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Golding, Page 22), not necessarily because he is t... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, the reality of how merciless the world really is can be revealed symbolically through Golding’s use of object symbolism. The characters that Golding establishes allow us, as humans to realize that not only adults, but children too, are cruel and selfish creatures that will stop at nothing to get what they want. In the novel the symbolic significance of certain objects develops and leads to the main idea that Golding is trying to express. Object symbolism is used to show the relationship of the biblical struggle between good The powerful conch for starters, is what the boys base their whole order of civilization on. The conch symbolizes the power of the beholder and regulation during the meetings. The conch has more than one meaning in the novel. In the beginning of the novel the conch allows the boys to listen to the person who carries the conch, but towards the end of the novel the conch begins to represent the disarray order and peacefulness that had originally been established when the boys first inhabited the island. Rogers act of destroying the shell shows that order and organization are no longer important to the boys, but power is what they seek for now. Another example of object symbolism is portrayed through Piggy’s glasses. Even though in the beginning of the novel Piggy was seen as the fat useless kid with the thick glasses, it’s Piggy’s glasses that are eventually used as the boys source of being able to build a fire. When the boys finally do build a fire Ralph comes up with the idea to use the fire as a signal so the boats can see that there is life on the island. Therefore the fire stands for the boys aspiration to be rescued from the island. It is Jack though who lets the fire die out and by doing that it shows the boys don’t have anything to look forward to. When Piggy advises to rebuild the fire there is a return of hope. The ability to build a fire is very sig...

Storm Drainage Design Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Storm Drainage Design Project - Essay Example ertical axis using different scales, but their horizontal coordinates are the same based on hourly readings from the midnight of October 12 to 11:00 in the evening of October 15, 1998. Rainfall data was plotted using millimetres (mm) and the given observations were used as is. On the other hand, river data, which is usually plotted as a discharge in a unit of volume against time (cubic meters per second or liters per second) is drawn as a function of the given river width (B) and the velocity (V) of flow of the river (since discharge is a product of area and water flow velocity in this case) per hour of observation. The highest point (peak) of the blue line graph is 0.658 meter-BV per hour. The scale used was 1 x 10-1 m, such that 0.658 is represented as 6.58 x 10-1 m. This should explain why the highest number in the vertical axis is 7. It may be gleaned from Figure 3 that although observations were plotted every hour, the time markers were presented every three hours due to space limitations.). However, the data were analyzed using the original values and units of the river level per hour of observation. Prior to the rainfall in 4:00 on October 13, the average reading of the river height from the start of given observations for 28 consecutive hourly readings is 0.262 mm. This will be the basis of the base flow. After seven hours of rainfall, the first peak was observed at 11:00 of October 13 with a height of 1.2 mm. This marks the initiation of the rising limb of the river flood where the height of the river also started to rise compared to base flow. The rainfall data had twin peaks, with the second peak occurring at 21:00 of October or 10 hours after the first rainfall peak was observed. At 9:00 of October 14, 12 hours after the second peak of the rainfall, the peak flow of the river was recorded at 0.658 m. The amount of time for the peak flow to return back to base flow or base flow time is 46 hours. Several factors which influence the characteristics of

POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

POLITICS - Essay Example (2003) political ideas and ideologies can act as a kind of social cement, which in turn could provide social groups with a set of unifying beliefs and values. In this regard one could consider that governments are set up to help provide a relatively unified set of codes by witch to govern a society. In the American context one could present the argument that the ‘First Continental Congress’ which was a meeting of twelve of the thirteen original colonies which banded together to present grievances to the British Monarchy was the original congress. However it was the second continental congress which met again in 1776 which declared the colonies free, effectively beginning the American Revolution and in turn was the entirety of the United States government. According to English (2003) it is the case that the original congress held such responsibilities as directing the war, commerce, the enforcement of laws, however they were not free to collect taxes and held the key distinction of allowing the independent colonies (States) the ability to remain sovereign and as such they would effectively be free to ignore any legislation passed by congress. As one would naturally assume, this system was rife with flaws. In this regard a kind of compromise was made in which a house of representatives was established in which officials would be elected directly by the people based on the population of the states and the senate would provide a type of equal representation by the state regardless of population. Now it is the case according to Davidson et al. (2006) that the United States congress has a number of direct powers identified in the United States Constitution however there are a number of implied powers which owe their nature to the Necessary and Proper clause. In general the congress handles affairs pertaining to the setting and collection of taxes, defense, the paying of debts, regulation of commerce, the establishment of courts (lower than the Supreme Court). It

Benefits of Art in Education

Benefits of Art in Education In the following text will be announcement about art and how it influences in develop of creativity and intelligence in the kids. The human being always has been in contact with the art since we were born for that reason art has a huge impact in us. Each people born with innate ability of create but with the pass of the years this has lost. When we incorporate art in academic develop the students have a best interpersonal relationship and also their brain development is better. In addition the implementation of art in the schools have been increasing obtaining excellent results to academic level and also there is a new technical for better our education system across of games. This technical is called ludic learning that is based in games of this forms the students can learning better are be more outgoing also put more attention in their classes because they are not stressful nor boring. There they develop their creativity and imagination. For this reason, art is fundamental for grow th intellectual in the kids. Since every human being had born with an innate ability of imagination and create. For that reason art, music, even sports always they were with us. The obsolete education system leaves aside our innate ability of relationship and its focus on the critical and rational thing. Subjects like mathematics, chemistry and physics have greater relevance than art, music and sports but this will change. All the people around the world are completely different is for this reason we need different form of teach because each people learn of different way. Art is a fundamental tool for better in the intellectual growth of the children. The actual schools should founded the develop of art in the classes because of this form the kids can better their abilities like reason and their creativity and this away could be in the future a excellences people that they have good interpersonal relationship and also be good professionals. Art could be work it since a very young age because it encourages develop childrens brain. Allowing them develop right hemisphere and so to have a vast intelligence to expand others skills like relationship between people, capacity for to lean others languages, even their self-esteem is better. Also, art acts positively in the life of the people because many people have fallen in drug addition, vandalism between others, but they have been able leave this thanks the positively encourage of art. When we grow up lost our innate skills of imagine and create, but if we develop the abilities of children since very young with games, paintings, etc. They can better these abilities. According to the National Institutes of Health, developmental milestones around age three should include drawing a circle and beginning to use safety scissors. Around age four, children may be able to draw a square and begin cutting straight lines with scissors. Many preschool programs emphasize the use of scissors because it develops the dexterity children will need for writing. For this way we can improving their develop of brain and have a better education though art. ( Lynch, G. 2012) A report by Americans for the Arts states that young people who participate regularly in the arts (three hours a day on three days each week through one full year) are four times more likely to be recognized for academic achievement. To participate in a math and science fair or to win an award for writing an essay or poem than children who do not participate. (Lynch, G. 2012). When the art is in the schools the students are more relaxed because across of art they can express their ideas and feel more rested. Nowadays our interpersonal relationship is broken because the people prefer their computer or use internet. But this can change across the art. Art is the door of our things and feelings. Many people cannot have a good relationship with words, this was because when they was children cannot express their feelings but if we teach kids others ways to express their feelings we can improve the interpersonal relationship. According to choreographer, Diana F. Green (2015) Art like dance uses the body as an instrument the body could be a form to express their feelings and for this way they improving their emotional intelligence. Current research have revealed the importance of the arts implementation in the schools as tool for intellectual growth in kids. In fact, the artistic disciplines are involved in pedagogical practices. They infuse the creative think in the children. Besides this develops a deep think, less systematic. Likewise, the children can find many ways for resolve a problem because art is joined with creativity and further enhances growth of the intellectual development. There are many researches that exposes that children influenced for music have better grades in their schools. An article published in 2009 by Kimberly L. music and apprenticeship show that neuroscience society found some areas of our brain that involve movement and coordination are better in musical people and less in common people. In addition many experts recommend to parents make listen classic and harmonic music to their children. Of this away their sensory, emotional and auditory teaches is developed. Through of time the education system has been changed. For this reason countries like Finland has art, music and sports involved the academic life of the students. They since have started their studies have a lot of hours for developing their imagination and creativity through of paint, play an instrument, write and others. Also, it has been implemented a new art of teaching called playful learning. This new form of teaching is based on touch with games. It makes the kids learn very quickly and better. In the same way, has been inserted in the school this method is getting huge results. The students pay more attention and are very outgoing in classes because when they make games like teaching they are more open to learning and their stress levels are drastically reduced. Between these playful practices, art is always present because it allows to expand our skylines on the subject of teaching. According an article by the magazine Artz said demonstrates intelligences relation to creativity, one that is vital for not only understanding creative thinking, but for improving it. The creativity which encompasses art and imagination are tightly join to intelligence. At present it is not enough be only a genius, but also have the capacity to relate to people, of expanding your ideas, or create and invent. In addition many people around the world thing that art does not have any bonding with the intelligence but this is not correct because the artist people development more parts of their brain that ordinal people. Also, the art can take us away is so in the newspaper called el comercio it said Quito urban places has transform in a canvas of a new form of language (Flores G., 2016). Ecuador is changing its form of seeing this street art because art symbolizes for artist a form to express their feelings, a develop emotional intelligence. Is for that thanks to a lot of graffiti paintings in the capital has led Ecuador to be recognized internationally for its art. In conclusion, the human being always had a need to show that their feelings of different forms. For that we born with an innate ability to create that it is reflected in the art. However, art for many years was separate from intelligence because thought that they are things completely different. Nowadays, and thanks many researches and experiments had been determined that art and intelligent go hand in hand. It is more people do not just involve the science, but also their art. They develop do not only left hemisphere, but also right hemisphere. It gives them as result the increase of some abilities that with the pass of the years and for many factors they had lost it. In addition, many experts say that stimulating babies with music, art and others positively affects the brain of the children as it enhances the cognitive response of the right hemisphere. It is for this reason that the implementation of art as an aid to improve intelligence has been incorporated in schools where children from an early age are motivated with games, songs, paintings, etc. To learn from what they have obtained very good results because the students are more relaxed and pay more attention to a didactic class than an absolute. In addition, thanks to the involvement of art in schools, children are not only educated to be great professionals, but also develop as people because through art their ability to create and imagine, their interpersonal relationship improves are less systematic. Fortunately art is no longer left aside, but rather placed as an importance in the development of the child since it has come to take the place that corresponds because without art, without creativity the intelligence would not develop completely, in fact the Creativity allows us to look at other ways, other ways to reach the same goal, this is extremely important in the intelligence of the people because it allows us to be human beings with a greater reasoning and a criterion more vast when making decisions. References: Cooper, B. (2013, November 20). 8 Surprising Ways Music Affects and Benefits our Brains. . Retrieved November 19, 2016, from https://blog.bufferapp.com/music-and-the-brain. Flores, G. (2016, January 09) El arte urbano de Quito es reconocido internacionalmente. Retroceded November 19, 2016, from http://www.elcomercio.com/tendencias/arteurbano-quito-grafiti-warmipaint-detonarte.html Jurvetson, S. (2013, January 21). The relationship between creativity and intelligence. Retrieved November 19,2016, from http://creativesomething.net/post/41103661291/the-relationship-between-creativity-and Reyes, f. (2014, October 17). El aprendizaje là ºdico: una novedosa estrategia de capacitacià ³n. Retrieved November 19, 2016, Wai, j. (2011, April 12). If you are creative, are you also intelligent? Retrieved November 19, 2016, from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/finding-the-next-einstein/201104/if-you-are-creative-are-you-also-intelligent. from https://sp-marketing.com/el-aprendizaje-ludico-como-estrategia-de-capacitacion/

Individual Assignment Essay

1. Introduction Nowadays, as experts are studying further and further about personality, the importance of it in the society and workplaces is highly aware by everyone. The more we know about personalities, the better we can understand why people do the things they do, and how to communicate with them. Knowing about our own personalities, we can improve our styles, reduce stress and conflicts as well as develop positive attitudes in life (punctuality, flexibility, willingness to learn, friendliness†¦) Therefore, through this paper, I will examine deeply in my personalities as a particular example to further understand this matter. Moreover, with the focus on how it affects me in personal and professional development, I can find and improve myself to achieve the best success in my future. 2. Methodology The basic concept of my assignment is the Big Five Personality Model. â€Å"Five basic dimensions underlie all other and encompass most of the variation in human personality† are: * Extraversion: one’s comfort level with relationships. Extraverts get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from within themselves. Extraversion includes the traits of energetic, talkative, and assertive while introversion personalities are usually quiet, reserved and shy. * Agreeableness: the extent to which a person is good-natured, helpful, trusting, and cooperative. Traits include being kind, affectionate, cheerful and warm. * Conscientiousness: responsibilities and reliabilities. Conscientious people have self-discipline, well-organized, careful and responsible. * Openness to experiences: creative minds and willingness to learn. People with high level of openness tend to be imaginative, curious, independent and somehow artistic. * Emotional Stability: ability to deal with stress and other tense situations. A person who is very stable emotionally would remain calm in many situations and would feel secure. Bases on this theory, with the help of an online website, I’ve got the result about my personalities according to Big Five Model. With this result, I will be able to evaluate and improve my career as well as my positive personalities. 3. Analysis results: Results: http://img841.imageshack.us/img841/9448/yourbigfiveresults.png In my opinion, this result is matched 80% with my real personalities. In real life, I can be comfortable with people that I already knew before, especially classmates, parents, siblings†¦ I can do silly things, say lots of random things, and joke freely. However, with strangers, I usually keep a secured distance, be formal and respective as much as possible. Sometimes, in disadvantaged circumstances, I might be shy and stay quiet all the time being with strangers as I don’t want strangers to know too much about myself. That’s why my result in Extroversion is a little above average score (59/100 respectively). Consequently, this will help me find balance in group working, be opened and be quiet when needed. My job performance will be improved along with my social skills. Moreover, in competitive situations, especially facing with rivals, I can keep them from knowing about my strength and weakness; or pretend like I am not a dangerous rival for them. Next, refer to Openness to Experience trait, because I really like original, conventional and unchangeable things so the low score (20/100) is reasonable. I don’t have a variety of interests but only a few one and do it thoroughly with my passion. However, sometimes the closeness in my mind prevents me from create new ideas and stay creative while brainstorming. But it’s true that I am a down-to-earth person as I really hate unclear, misleading, dishonest things/people. I know this attitude sometimes has a bad effect on my career and my personal life since I am not willing to learn new things so my training performance will not be as good as I expect. If I am a leader, I might ignore helpful creative ideas from my teammates. My honest and straight personality also bring me hard times dealing with others although it’s a really worthy trait. However, I believe that the original is always the best basement for my every innovation. It helps me balance a group that contains many open-minded people and keep conventional values of life. This conventional and honest personality might be one of the important reasons leads to my disagreeableness (22/100 of agreeableness). Because I am a little stubborn and hard to be persuaded, sometimes I find the dishonest people, the unclear things or the too-reliable-on-others person really uncomfortable and annoy me. Normally, I am quite kind and lovable; but whenever I am concentrating in doing something, I can easily be irritated by people who try to distract me. My perfection attitude also get me into quarrels as I always find the mistakes in others’ performances and try to fix it for them. Nevertheless, as my friends and teammates stated, the perfectionist inside me really helps them a lot when they complete their tasks. I am easy to be angry and annoyed but it’s always reasonable and related to work issues or problems of the equity. So I think this is not a disadvantage but an advantage for my career and personal life. Besides that, my flexibility in Emotional Stability helps me a lot in dealing with these two weaknesses. Despite easily being irritated by others, I can hold it in and balance my emotions really well. I made decision for tense situations really slowly and calmly. I don’t take it as a pressure or stress but only a problem like other problems everyone needs to face in life. One important reason for the low score is I am truly an optimist, seeing things with believe, happiness and hope. It’s not that I paint my life with pink, but my rational thinking always leads me to better things, not worsen the situations. As a result, my stress level will be reduced a lot, prevent me from being overload with tasks, problems, personal matters†¦ Because I know how to show my expressions and emotions at the right time, to the right person, my social relationships are really good, bring me benefits in both personal and professional life. I can tell that I have only one close best friend; but I have a lot of good friends who are ready to help me anytime I need, thanks to my emotional stability. The last trait is conscientiousness with high score at 83/100. This indicates that I am a well-organized, disciplined and reliable person. I really hate disorganized things and people. I always try to arrange my stuff into a fixed positions and I hate when someone try to change it or make it messy. I usually make plans; review its process regularly and try to finish as perfect as possible. If I am assigned a task, I will try to do it thoroughly and not let anyone complain about my performance, or at least reach the bearable stage. This is applied with not only my personal events but also my working tasks and problems, especially tasks I have a lot of interests in like handicrafts, writing for magazines, reviewing things. In my point of view, this is the most important trait among five traits. My great efforts and responsibilities will bring me more and more knowledge, then contribute to higher level of my job performance, as well as help me organize my life effectively. Not only those but people also trust me and respect me for my enthusiasm, concentration and reliability. Therefore, if I am a leader, I can easily affect and lead my teammates follow my decisions or instructions; also my position, status in the group will be firm and long lasted. 4. Conclusion & Lessons learned To summarize, my personalities according to Big Five are quite correct and bearable. The five traits, no matter how high or low, have certain effects on our personal and professional development. It also indicates that everyone has their own personalities and no one is similar to another one. Although this is only a test and might not say everything about oneself, but based on those personalities, we can find the best solutions for our problems, the best way to live and the best career to take. Knowing about personalities, we can try to improve the good side and reduce or fix the bad side of our attitude to improve our living standard, job performance and satisfaction. Moreover, when dealing with relationships in society, we can have a wider view of one person, especially when being a leader joining in group works or assigning suitable tasks.

Kmf Project

Karnataka State law University. Navanagar, HUBLI – 580 025. ————————————————- Phone: 0836-2222392 Fax: 0836-2223392 ————————————————- Website: www. kslu. ac. in Principles and practices of management PROJECT:- done at KMF ( co-operative society) NAME:- Santosh B. M. CLASS:- B. B. A. ,LL. B(HONS)(1STSEM) R. NO:- 08 DATE:- 20-10-2012 SUBMITED TO:-Mr. Gangadhar G. TABLE OF CONTENTS * INDUSTRIAL PROFILE a) Introduction to co-operative society, ) Background, c) Evolution or development. *COMPANY PROFILEa) Background of company,b) Vision and mission statement society,c) Evolution of KMF,d) Products profile,e) Area of operation,f) Ownership pattern,g) Competitor information,h) Infrastructural facilities,i) Achievement or award if any,j) Future prospectus. *MC KENS Y’S 7s FRAME WORKa) Structure,b) Skill,c) Style,d) Strategy,e) System,f) Staff,g) Share value. *SWOT analysis. * Summary of latest annual report. (a)INTRODUCTION TO CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETYThere is no universally accepted definition of a co-operative. In general, a co-operative is a business owned and democratically controlled by the people who use its services and whose benefits are derived and distributed equitably on the basis of use. The user-owners are called members. They benefit in two ways from the co-operative, in proportion to the use they make of it. First, the more they use the co-operative, the more service they receive. Second, earnings are allocated to members based on the amount of business they do with the co-operative. In many ways, co-operatives resemble other businesses. They have similar physical facilities, perform similar functions and must follow sound business practices. They are usually incorporated- under state law by filing articles of incorporation, granting them the right to do business. The organizers draw up bylaws and other necessary legal papers. Members elect a board of directors. The board sets policy and hires a manager to run the day-to-day operations. But in some ways, co-operatives are distinctly different from other businesses. These differences are found in the co-operative's purpose, its ownership and control, and how benefits are distributed. They are reflected in co-operative principles that explain the unique aspects of doing business on a co-operative basis. CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETY A  co-operative  society  is  formed  by  the  people  of  limited  means  for  self  help through  mutual help. It is  set  up to  protect  economically  the  poor  sections  of  the  society. It is  set  up  for cooperation,  not  for  competition. The  motto  of a  society  is  self  help,  without  dependence  on other  business  units.DEFINITIONAccording  to  Herrik,†Cooperation  is an  action  of  persons  voluntarily  united  for  utilizing  reciprocally  their  own forces,  resources  or  both  under  mutual  management  for  their  common  profit  or  loss. † According  t o Mr. Plunket, â€Å"The  cooperation  is  self  help  made  effective  by  organization. † Co-operative  SocietyADVANTAGES  OF  CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETYFollowing  are  the  important  advantages  or  merits  of  co-operative  society:1. Advantage  for  Farmers2. Easy  Formation3. Equal  Rights .4. Equal  Distribution  of  Wealth5. Economic  Democracy .6. Elimination  of  Middlemen7. Financial  Assistance8. Friendly  Relations9. Improve  the  Standard  of  Living.10. Increase  in  EmploymentDISADVANTAGES  OF  CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETYFollowing  are  the  disadvantages  of  co-operative  societies:1. Lack  of  Capital2. Untrained  Supervision3. Defective  Organization4. Illiterate  and  Ignorant.5. Lack  of  Experience6. Lack  of  Discipline7. Lack  of  Sincere  Management8. Lack  of  Profit  Incentive9. Lack  of  Secrecy10. Lack  of  Knowledge (b)BA CKGROUND AND EVOLUTION OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETYIn one sense, cooperation is probably as old as civilization. Early people had to learn to work together to meet their common needs, or perish. The Pilgrims who settled at Plymouth, jointly cleared fields abandoned by the Indians, broke up the soil, and planted and cared for their corn. After the harvest, celebrated with the Indians in 1621 with a Thanks giving fest, the corn was shared equally among the settlers. Legend suggests that the initial structured co-operative business in the United States was the Philadelphia Contribution-ship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire, a mutual fire insurance company established in 1752. This association's reputation is likely based on two factors. First, Benjamin Franklin was the organizer. Second, the business has been conducted so efficiently over the years that it is still operating today. In the early 1800s, co-operative businesses appeared on several fronts. In Britain, co-operatives were formed as a tool to deal with the depressed economic and social conditions related to the struggles with Napoleon and industrialization. In the United States, farmers began to process their milk into cheese on a co-operative basis in diverse places such as Goshen, CT, and Lake Mills, WI. Writers sometimes trace the origin of co-operatives from the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers' Society, an urban, consumer co-operative organized in England in 1844. It sold consumer goods such as food and clothing to persons unhappy with the merchants in the community    While neither the first nor most successful early co-operative, the Rochdale Society developed an active outreach program, encouraging and assisting others to form co-operatives. It also prepared a written list of practices and policies that seemed consistent with success of such efforts. This list became one of the first sets of co-operative principles, characteristics that distinguish co-operatives from non co-operative businesses. The Grange, founded in 1867, quickly became the major thrust behind agricultural and rural co-operatives in America. In 1874, a Grange representative went to Europe to gather information about co-operatives. In 1875, the Grange published a set of rules for the organization of co-operative stores, based on the Rochdale principles. Local granges organized stores to serve their rural members. They sold groceries and clothing as well as general farm supplies, hardware and agricultural implements. Granges in the South marketed cotton. Those in Iowa operated grain elevators. In Kentucky, they sponsored warehouses for receiving and handling tobacco. California Granges exported wheat and marketed wool. As the country recovered from the depression of the 1870s, fewer Granges were organized and many co-operatives went out of business, but the impact of the Grange co-operative movement survives. It demonstrated that the Rochdale type of co-operative, which handled goods at prevailing prices and distributed net savings according to use, offered a sound basis for co-operative efforts in America. Cooperation flourished during the three decades from 1890 to 1920. As many as 14,000 farmer co-operatives were operating by the end of the period. Co-operative growth was fueled by the wave of other farmer movements and farm organizations sweeping the country, such as the American Society of Equity, National Farmers Union, and the American Farm Bureau Federation. They were engaged in marketing virtually every farm crop and furnishing supplies and services to their producer-members. Many of today's major farmer co-operatives were formed during this period. The following decades have seen farmer co-operatives develop their own financial institutions through the Farm Credit System. Non agricultural co-operatives likewise developed the National Co-operative Bank. With help from the Rural Electrification Administration, rural residents used co-operatives to bring electric and telephone services to their towns and farms. The rural electrics formed the National Rural Electric Co-operative Finance Corporation (CFC) as a supplemental source of financing. Some co-operatives have become larger, partially in response to growing concentration among their competitors and the firms their members must deal with. They have adopted modern management techniques and sophisticated processing, distribution and marketing methods. Today rural and urban residents use co-operatives to acquire consumer services such as housing, credit and other financial services (through credit unions), groceries, education and telecommunications. Franchisees, governmental nits, hardware and grocery stores, florists and numerous other businesses use co-operatives to market their products and secure the supplies they need at competitive prices. (a) BACKGROUND Of KMF Every one in karnataka as well as india knows a bit about ‘  Karnataka Co-operative Milk Producers' Federation Limited' (KMF) is the Single Body in Karnataka represen ting Dairy Farmers' Co-operatives. It is the second largest dairy co-operative amongst the dairy co-operatives in the country. In South India it stands first in terms of procurement as well as sales. One of the core functions of the Federation is marketing of Milk and Milk Products. The Brand  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœNANDINI’  is the household name for Pure and Fresh milk and milk products. KMF has 13 Milk Unions throughout the State which procure milk from Primary Dairy Co-operative Societies(DCS) and distribute milk to the consumers in various Towns/Cities/Rural markets in Karnataka. The first ever World Bank funded Dairy Development Program in the country started in Karnataka with the organisation of Village Level Dairy Co-operatives in 1974. The AMUL pattern of dairy co-operatives started functioning in Karnataka from 1974-75 with the financial assistance from World Bank, Operation Flood II ; III. The dairy co-operatives were established under the ANAND pattern in a three tier structure with the Village Level Dairy Co-operatives forming the base level, the District Level Milk Unions at the middle level to take care of the procurement, processing and marketing of milk and the Karnataka Milk Federation as the Apex Body to co-ordinate the growth of the sector at the State level. Coordination of activities among the Unions and developing market for Milk and Milk products is the responsibility of KMF. Marketing Milk in the respective jurisdiction is organized by the respective Milk Unions. Surplus/deficit of liquid milk among the member Milk Unions is monitored by the Federation. While the marketing of all the Milk Products is organized by KMF, both within and outside the State, all the Milk and Milk products are sold under a common brand name NANDINI. (b) MISSION AND VISION OF COMPANY Vision * To march forward with a missionary zeal which will make KMF a trailblazer of exemplary performance and  achievements beckoning other Milk Federations in the country in pursuit of total emulation of its good deeds. To ensure prosperity of the rural Milk producers who are ultimate owners of the Federation. * To promote producer oriented viable co-operative society to impart an impetus to the rural income, dairy productivity and rural employment. * To abridge the gap between price of milk procurement and sale price. * To develop business acumen in marketing and trading disciplines so as to serve consumers with quality milk, give a fillip to the income of milk producers. To compet e with MNCs and Private Dairies with better quality of milk and milk products and in the process sustain invincibility of co-operatives. MISSION * Heralding economic, social and cultural prosperity in the lives of our milk producer  members by promoting vibrant, self-sustaining and holistic co-operative dairy development in Karnataka State (c) Evolution Karnataka Milk Federation which is most popular as KMF, evolved itself as a premier and most profitable dairy farmers' organization in the State of Karnataka. As an agency in 1975 to implement the World Bank Aided Dairy Development Projects, Karnataka Dairy Development Corporation (KDDC) was formed, the company grew itself fast and as it spreads the wings of new found rural economic activity – Dairying all over the State, the genesis of apex co-operative body took the shape of KMF in 1983 encompassing entire State with 13 District Co-operative Milk Unions executing the various parameters of Dairy activity – organization of Dairy Co-operatives, Milk Routes, Veterinary Services, Procurement of milk in two shifts of the day, Chilling, Processing of milk, distribution of milk and also establishment of Cattle Feed Plants, Nandini Sperm Station, Liquid Nitrogen Supply, Training Centres – as its main stay. The entire system was reconstructed on the model of now well known `ANAND' pattern dairy co-operative societies. Eight southern districts of Karnataka was considered initially with a target of organizing 1800 Dairy Co-opera tive Societies, four Milk Unions and processing facilities were set up to the tune of 6. 5 lakhs per day by 1984. Under Operation Flood – II ;III, project which started in 1984 ; 1987 covered the remaining parts of Karnataka. Thirteen milk unions are organized in 175 talukas of all 20 districts then and the field work was extended by organizing more dairy co-operative societies. The processing facilities i. e. hilling centers, milk dairies and powder plants were transferred in phases to the administrative control of respective co-operative milk unions and the activities continued to be implemented by these District Organisations. Additional processing facilities were created ; existing facilities augmented every decade with the help of Govt. / Zilla Panchayat and NDDB to handle ever increasing milk procurement without declaring milk holidays. The processing facility as exists at 32. 25 lakh liters/day is further strengthened. (d) AREA OF OPERATION IN KARNATAKA KARNATAKA MAP I n this Karnataka map we can see the area of operation of K. M. F the symbol is K. M. Fs area of operation in Karnataka. K. M. F is having branches in almost all districts of KARNATAKA UNITS OF KMF KMF has the following Units functioning directly under its control: * Mother Dairy, Yelahanka,Bangalore. * Nandini Hi-Tech Product Plant, Channarayapatna. * Nandini Milk Products, KMF Complex, Bangalore. * Cattle Feed Plants at Rajanukunte/Gubbi/Dharwad/Hassan. * Nandini Sperm Station (formerly known as Bull Breeding Farm ; Frozen Semen Bank) at Hessaraghatta. * Pouch Film Plant at Munnekolalu, Marathhalli. * Central Training Institute,Bangalore ; Traning Institutes at Mysore/Dharwad. * Sales Depots at B'lore,Mysore,M'lore,Hubli,Gulbarga,Tirupathi ; Kannur (e) OWNERSHIP PATTERN Ownership K. M. F is like this a) District co-operative societies (b) National dairy development board (f) PRODUCTS PROFILE Nandini homogenized milk in pure milk which is homgenized And pasteurization consistent right through it gives you more cup of tea and coffee and its easily digestable. Nandini ghee made purely from cows milk and not a dultrated. and good for health Cows pure milk, UHT processed bacteria free in tamper proof tera fino pack . which keep milk fresh upto 60 days without refrigeration until opened , available in 500 ml and also in 1 liter Toned milk from nandini fresh and pure milk containing 3. 0 % fat and 8. 5% snf . available in 500 ml 1 liter . Full ice cream milk from nandini containing 6% fat and 9% SNF a rich creamy and tastier milk for home made sweets. (e) COMPETATORS INFORMATION 1. Arokya milk dairy- it procures most of its milk from milk unions of belgum . it procures 10,000 liter’s of milk every day. It’s located near desur ,near belgum 10 km away from city on NH-4. 2. Mayor dairy – it procures milk from belgum and other regional dirsticts mainly chikkodi, rayabhag ,and athani. Procures more than 25,000 liters daily. its located near kholapur,and supplys milk to all over state. 3. Adity milk dairy – a well known company in north Karnataka and procures milk 25,000 milk (approx) 4. Ram-Rahim milk dairy – this is solely owned small scale rivate company established in1987 with an investment of 2. 28 lack in dharwad (f) FUTURE PROSPECTUS PERSPECTIVE PLAN- 2010 – After the closure of OF-III project. Government of Karnataka and NDDB signed an MOU during February 2000, for further s trengthening the Dairy Development Activities in Karnataka with an outlay of Rs. 250 Crores. Consequent to the announcement of new lending terms and conditions by NDDB through an evolution of an action plan – Perspective 2010 to enable the dairy co-operatives to face the challenges of the increased demand for milk and milk products by focusing efforts in the four major thrust areas of Strengthening the Co-operatives. Enhancing Productivity, Managing Quality and building a National Information Network, plans are under implementation. FUTURE  VISION To consolidate the gains of Dairying achieved in the state of Karnataka and with a view  to efficiently chill, process and market ever developing and increasing milk procurement with an utmost emphasis on the Quality and in the process conserve the socio-economic interests of rural milk producers, the Govt. of Karnataka through KMF has proposed to undertake several projects with financial and technical support of NDDB for which an MOU was signed between Govt. of Karnataka and NDDB on 10th Nov. 2004. (g) THE GROWTH PROCESS The growth over the years and activities undertaken by KMF is summarised briefly hereunder: ITEMS| UNITS| 1976-77| 2011-2012(Up to Mar'12)| 2012-13(Upto Aug'12| Dairy Co-operatives| Nos| 416| 13006 REGED / 11568 Funct|   Ã‚     13242 REGED /11773Funct  Ã‚                          Ã‚  | Membership| Nos| 37000| 21. 51 Lacs|   Ã‚                       21. 84 Lacs| Avg. Milk Procurement| Kgs/day| 50000| Avg. 42. 85  Ã‚  Ã‚  Peak  Proc. 46. 49(Nov'11) LKPD| Avg. 49. 45Peak  Proc. 52. 76(June'12LKPD| Milk Sales| Lts/day| 95050| 28. 90 LLPD / Curd:2. 74 LKPD / Good life   2. 19 LLPD| 28. 18 LLPD / Curd:3. 11 LKPD / Good life   2. 19    LLPD| Cattle Feed Consumed| Kgs/DCS| 220| 2958| 3025| Daily Payment to Farmers| Rs. Lakhs| 0. 90| 785|   Ã‚                             987| Turnover| Rs. Crores| | 5823. 69|   Ã‚                     ———-| World Bank Study – Observations The World Bank, in its study on the effect of Co-operative dairying in Karnataka, has pointed out that : * The villages with Dairy Co-operative Societies are much better off than those without. * The families with dairy cattle are economically better than those without dairy cattle. * Women who had no control on the household income have better control in terms of Milk Money. * A single commodity ? MILK? has acted as a catalyst in the change in the Socio-Economic impact of the rural economy. * There is a positive impact on those at the lower end of the economic ladder both in terms of landholding and caste PART B MC KENSY’S 7S FRAME WORK MC Kensys’s 7s frame work – the 7s is popularly known as mc kensy’s 7s ,because two persons developed this model Tom peter and Robert waterman . they both have been consultants at MC Kensy’s co. At that time they published 7s in their article ‘STRUCTURE IS NOT ORGANISATION’ , in 1980 . ‘ART OF JAPANESE MANAGEMENT’ in 1981,and in ‘IN SEARCH OF EXCELLENCE’ in 1982. Model consists of 7 elements they are distinguished as ‘hard and soft skills’. Hard skills are feasible and easy to understand, soft skills are known by workers department. I. (a) STRUCTURE OF ORGANISATION UNDER BOARD OF MANAGEMENT II. (b) STRATAGY * To achieve national goal K. M. F works a lot to change according to consumer needs and taste. Maintaining consistant growth adn expansion of market all over india. * Tries to stick to stick to plan and achieves objectives. * Maintaining quality of product and acquiring market. III. (c) SYSTEM K . M. F works in a systematic manner in production and in management ,while producing they follow to ways * Maintaining enough inventory. * Well equipped storage facility. * Fast transportation. IV. (e) STAFF – This co-operative society makes use of various principle of staffing and recruitment Other like personel, promotion, induction, salaries, and other benifits to make thir woekers perform well and to extract maximum from their work. V. (f) SKILL Here staff is recruited according to skill , like differentiating between educational skill and hard skills . and they also train their workers for skill development. VI. (g) STYLE K. M. F a specific style of work like it (a) strictly follows rules and regulation (b) co-ordination between workers (c) reliable and dependable VII. (h) SHARED VALUES Some fundamental and core values which are spread and shared in the organisation in KMF they are * Consumer satisfaction, * Commitment to quality, * Cost and time conciseness, * Innovative and creativity, * Trust and team spirit , * Individual respect, * Integrity. PART C S. W. O. T ANALYSIS STRENGHTS * enjoys good market, * Wide distribution, * It has good will, * Enjoys market region * Less transport cost to local areas, * WEAKNESS * Less sales and consumer handling, * Commissions paid is less compared to other brands, * In adequate sales promotional activities, * OPPORTUNITIES * There is scope in new developing areas * Availability of mil k , * Wide area to extract source, * THREATES * Lots of emerging pioneer companies, * Low level of consumer awareness, * Tough competition. ANNUAL REPORT As we can see that annual report of company is quite impressive , and company is performing well. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. KMF DHARWAD.

The Failure Of Jay Gatsby s American Dream - 911 Words

The Failure of Jay Gatsby‘s American Dream During the 1920‘s, people believed in the idea of the American Dream. It was a dream that everyone was trying to accomplish. It was a dream of a wonderful life. Gatsby was one of the main characters who was parsuing that wonderful life. The one and only thing that was tearing him apart from inside, was not having a girl who once was his girlfriend, Daisy. F. Scott Fitzgerald, the author of The Great Gatsby highlights the meaning of the green color as a symbol that plays a big role in the novel. Narrator Nick received a green card from Daisy at Gatsby‘s party. Daisy explains that â€Å"if [Nick wants] to kiss [Daisy] anytime during the eveningâ€Å" all he has to do is â€Å"mention [her] name or present a green card and [she will] be happy to arrange it for [him].â€Å" (Fitzgerald 111) The green cards are representing the dance cards. Women would hand out cards to men with whom they would like to dance. Daisy‘s excited because she hands Nick a card, telling him he could exchange it for a kiss, which Nick thinks is pointless. The color green reinforces Fitzgerald‘s use of that color to represent hope and wealth as in the green light at the end of Daisy‘s dock. At the beginning of the book, Nick, as the narrator, explains how the green light means something deep for Gatsby: â€Å"A single green light minute and far away, that have been the end of the dock.â€Å"(26) We could say that the green light is what Gatsby is mostly living his life for at the moment.Show MoreRelatedGatsby American Dream Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pages The American Dream The great Gatsby is a classic novel in which money is centered around everything. All Jay Gatsby wants to do is live the American dream. Some say Gatsby did live the American dream. Though Gatsby made lots of money and threw tons of parties their was one thing he was missing. The thing Gatsby was missing was a peaceful state of mind and a lover. 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